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The pronoun 187 Note that there is a change of meaning when a preposition does not come in between: Я купив це за ніщо. І bought this for nothing (= a mere trifle, or just nothing). За ніщо не купиш нічого. Nothing is bought for nothing. All the above negative forms also occur with the stress on ні. In this form they have a sense There isn't anyone/anything', i.e. as alternatively нема(є) кого, нема(є) кому, нема(є) з ким, нема(є) про що, etc.10 These forms, in themselves impersonals, may also be rendered in a personal form, thus: Я не маю коли наїстися. І haven't the time to get a good feed'. Here are a few examples (see Synjavs'kyj 1941): Нікому дати цей підручник. There's no one to give this textbook to. Hi за що купити хліба. There's nothing to buy bread for. (Compare: Hi за що не купиш хліба. You can't buy bread for love or money.) Hi з ким працювати. There's no one to work with. Нічого робити. There's nothing for it./Nothing can be done about it. These forms are equivalent to negatives such as ніде, нікуди, ніколи 'nowhere (to)', 'nowhere', 'never' and the impersonals Ніде, Нікуди, Ніколи, Ніяк There's nowhere (to go)', There's no time', There's no way/ possibility', for example, Ніде правди діти. The truth will out. (lit. There's no place to put (= hide) the truth.') Мені ніколи. I haven't the time. їм ніяк повернутися. They won't be able to come back. Somewhat apart we have нікотрий 'neither', 'none' and ніякий 'none': Нема(є) ніякого сумніву. There's no doubt, and there are a good deal of set phrases, for example, Це ніяка штука. It's no big deal, serious matter. |
Bи можете завантажити дану книгу в DJVU-форматі для ознайомлення:
скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.