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The verb 239 Подорожувати! Побачити світ! (Oh, if one could) travel! See the world! Ми пішли (щоб) побачити захід сонця. We went to see the sunset. The second example is typical of sentences with verbs of motion, in which the goal of the action (a second verb in the infinitive) may be expressed with or without щоб 'in order to'. Note: the use of the conjunction щоб with and without infinitives is described in Chapter 8. 6.4.1.3 Verbs requiring the use of an infinitive There are a number of Ukrainian verbs that cannot take a direct object (i.e. a nominal form in the accusative case), requiring instead a second verb in the infinitive. Such verbal juxtapositions are common in English as well, for example, 4o be able to + X' ('He cannot read9, 'He is unable to read'), 'to begin to + X', 'to begin X-ing' ('She began to sing\ 'began singing'), and likewise. The most common of these are the following: переставати/перестати Ольга перестала говорити. могтй/змогтй Не можемо чекати. 'stop (doing X)' + imperfective Ol'ha stopped talking. 'be able to' We cannot wait. Other verbs can be used either with verbal complements (again with infinitives) or with other complements, nominal or adverbial: продовжувати/продовжити Вони продовжили сперечатися. Вони продовжили суперечку. уміти Умісте плавати? устигати/устигнути (устигти) Олекса не встиг дописати листа. Вона не встигла на сніданок. 'continue' + imperfective They continued arguing. They continued the argument. 'know how to' + imperfective Do you know how to swim? 'manage to' + perfective Oleksa didn't manage to finish writing the letter. She didn't make it to breakfast. (Note the need for a preposition here, showing that the verb does not occur with a true direct object.) стати Ми стали читати. Стало тепліше. починати/почати Викладач почав говорити. Викладач почав лекцію. 'begin', 'become' + imperfective We began reading. It became warmer. 'begin' + imperfective The lecturer began speaking. The lecturer began the lecture. |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.