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The verb 243 We also find -ся verbs without corresponding base verbs: посміятися to laugh (a little) but: no form without -ся розплатитися to settle (financial) accounts but: no form without -ся прислухатися to give an ear to, listen but: no form without -ся in the literary language (although one does occur in dialects) Some of the apparent incongruities are due to the particular prefix in question, as a number of combinations of prefix + ся express very specific notions: for example, на + verb + ся generally expresses Чо do something to excess'; these constructions are described in 6.5.1.2. When the reader comes across a new -ся verb that is not obviously reflexive (as in the next group to be discussed), a dictionary will explain whether that verb is a simple intransitive or one that has a suitable transitive partner. Note particularly that the occasional -ся verb may appear to have transitive meaning, for example, дивитися Чо look at', Чо watch', but where an object is used a preposition will be required, as а -ся verb will generally not occur alone with an accusative object: дивитися на телебачення, на програму Чо watch television, a programme', не дивлячись на це 'notwithstanding', 'nevertheless'. But дивитися телевізор is possible. 6.4.2.4 Reflexive or reciprocal verbs with -ся умити - умитися убити - убитися показати - показатися томити - томитися одягати - одягатися уплести - уплестися відкидати - відкидатися бачити - бачитися перепросити - перепроситися рубати - рубатися гризти - гризтися мирити - миритися to wash - to wash oneself (refl.) to kill - to kill oneself (refl.) to show - to show oneself (as .. .) (refl.) to tire (out) - to tire oneself (out) (refl.) to clothe, dress - to dress oneself (refl.) to braid - to braid one's own hair (refl.) to throw back - to throw oneself back(wards) (refl.) to see - to see each other, meet (recip.) to apologize - to apologize to each other (to make up) (recip.) to cut, hew - to slash each other (recip.) to gnaw, bite - to quarrel, bicker (lit. 'gnaw at each other'!) (recip.) to reconcile, mediate - to make peace (with each other) (recip.) It is also possible for a reciprocal -ся verb not to have a corresponding base verb without the particle: |
Bи можете завантажити дану книгу в DJVU-форматі для ознайомлення:
скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.