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The verb 247 6.4.3.3.3 Inclusive ('Let's') commands The \pl imperative, or inclusive, is the form used when asking one or more individuals to do something together, as a group. For imperfective verbs the forms Давайте/Даваймо 'Let's' may be used in conjunction with the infinitive: Давайте (-мо) грати в карти! Let's play cards! Давайте (-мо) йти до театру! Let's go to the theatre! But for both imperfective and perfective verbs the \pl. imperative form may be used alone, although this is more common for perfective verbs than for imperfectives: Прочитаймо газету Let's read the newspaper! Забудьмо цю дурість Let's forget this silliness! (С)питаймо його! Let's ask him! The use of давайте with perfectives is found, but less frequently; note the following example: Давайте, хлопці, провчимо вражого пана ... Come on, boys, let's teach the hostile/inimical lord ... (Н-Л) Here давайте functions not, strictly speaking, as part of the compound \pl. imperative, but as a general exhortation. The corresponding negative consists of не будьмо + imperfective verb or не + \pl. perfective imperative: He будьмо сперечатися! Let's not quarrel! He забудьмо послати листа! Let's not forget to post the letter! 6.4.3.3.4 Third-person commands A third person (he, she, they) may be asked to do something via someone else; i.e. 'Have' or 'Let him do this'. The key element is Нехай or Хай 'Have'/'let', commonly in conjunction with the 3sg. or 3pl. perfective verb, as the action has not begun yet and future time is implied; if the action is clearly of a general nature (for example, with no direct object), the imperfective will be used: Нехай Олекса прочитає відповідь. Have Oleksa read the answer. Нехай Олекса читає. Let Oleksa read. A corresponding negative 'Do not have/let X do Y' does not involve хай/ нехай; instead we would find a circumlocution of the kind 'Do not let/allow X to do Y': не дозволяй йому це (з)робйти. Don't allow him to do this. |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.