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154 Ukrainian: A Comprehensive Grammar 3.2.2 SUPERLATIVES The superlative is formed synthetically, by prefixing най- to the comparative or, where the comparative is formed analytically, by preceding the plain adjective by найбільш 'most' (or найменш 'least'). The synthetic form may be reinforced by the prefixation of як- or що, such as щонайкращий 'the (very) best'. (For the 'absolute' superlative, i.e. roughly 'a most ...', 'very', and so on, see 3.4.4.) To render 'of after a superlative, as in 'the best of.. .', one may use the following prepositions: (a) з + genitive (b) серед + genitive (c) за + accusative (d) від + genitive (є) між among + instrumental (f) з-поміж from among + instrumental In the case of (c) and (d) the phrase will normally include a form of увесь: Сергій - це студент гірший за всіх. Serhij is the worst student. One may also form the superlative by using the comparative followed by a 'than' phrase including the pronoun увесь. Superlatives agree in case, number, and gender just like comparatives, with the occasional use of the instrumental case after pseudo-copulas, again as with comparatives. Here are a few examples: Найбільш промислові райони знаходяться у східній Україні. The most industrial regions are to be found in eastern Ukraine. (Such a comparative would not always be approved, since the adjective is relative.) У цій граматиці говориться за особливості та найбільш уживані конструкції української мови. In this grammar the features and most used constructions of Ukrainian are discussed. Серед усіх батьків вони найсимпатичніші. Of all the parents they are the most likeable. 3.3 THE FORMATION OF ADJECTIVES Individual prefixes naturally go along with suffixes, the latter being essential in the creation of adjectives except in the case of many body parts, where the |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.