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208 Ukrainian: A Comprehensive Grammar зникати зникнути to disappear, vanish кричати крикнути to shout відкидати відкинути to reject, abandon оглядати оглянути to see, look around змикати зімкнути to close, lock, cover Note J: The tendency is for stress to retract in the new perfectives if the base imperfective is end- stressed (for example, зникати > зникнути); but, as the pair мигати - мигнути illustrates, this is a tendency (albeit a strong one) and not a rule. Note 2: A root consonant (especially the stops т and д) can be lost before -ну-, as in відкидати відкинути. 6.2.5 TYPE 5: PLACE OF STRESS Imperfective Perfective Meaning посипати посипати to strew, sprinkle скликати скликати to summon, convene розкидати розкидати to scatter about виміряти виміряти to measure відкликати відкликати to call back, revoke покидати покидати to throw, cast away For the last pair listed there is another perfective, viz. покинути (Type 4 above), which is more common than покидати. Great care must be taken not to assume that all pairs of this kind are aspectual pairs, as sometimes there can be a semantic difference (with or without aspectual differentiation), as in: виникати (perf.) to search through but виникати (imperf.) to arise, proceed from сапати (imperf.) to breathe hard but сапати (also imperf.) to weed with a hoe досипати (perf.) to fill in (with grain), to add more (of a substance) but досипати (imperf.) to sleep until a certain time, catch upon sleep копати, копнути (imperf., perf.) to kick but копати, копнути (imperf, perf.) to dig, scoop out походити (imperf.) to resemble, be like but походити (perf.) to walk a little |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.