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220 Ukrainian: A Comprehensive Grammar 6.3.1.1.6 To be' The verb бути Чо be' is not conjugated in the present tense; where a copula is needed, the invariant form є may be used for all the forms. Бути does have a (consonant stem) conjugation, but it has future meaning: буду I shall/will be ... будеш буде будемо будете будуть 6.3.1.1.7 То have' Unlike some European languages, Ukrainian has a fully conjugated verb Чо have', viz. мати, a vowel + j verb of the читати type: маю маєш має маємо маєте мають See 6.4.1.3.1 on the use of this verb in expressions of obligation or necessity; see also 2.4.2.2.1 on the use of the preposition у/в + G. in expressions of 'having'. 6.3.1.2 Conjugation II A large number of Ukrainian verbs belong to Conjugation II; verbs of this conjugation have a structure similar in nature to those of Conjugation I, but with the connector vowel -и- instead of -e-; the sample verb is говорити Чо speak' (stress is not marked here, in order to focus on the endings): \sg 2sg 3sg. \pl 2pl. 3/7/. stem + stem + и + stem + и + stem + и + stem + и + stem + -у/-ю -Ш -ть -MO -те -ять/-ать (-СЯ) (-СЯ) (-ся) (-СЯ) (-СЯ) (-СЯ) говор-ю говор-и-ш говор-и-ть говор-и-мо говор-и-те говор-ять Three features of Conjugation II ought to be noted: (1) in the isg. the ending -ть is always present; (2) the ending in the 3pl. contains the vowel -я- (-a- after |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.