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288 Ukrainian: A Comprehensive Grammar (vi) comparative, for example, як as, since що as (не)мов as if, as it were немовби as if, as it were наче(бто) as if, as it were ніби as if неначе as if, as though буцім би/буцім то/буцім би то as if (vii) consequential, for example, так що so that (viii) concessive, for example, хоч/хоча although хай let нехай let дарма що although незважаючи на те що despite, in spite of the fact that (ix) explanatory, for example, тобто that is себто that is а саме that is, in other words to which we may add the general subordinator що 'that' and the relatives який and що. We may also add the markers of indirect speech, namely що 'that', чи 'yes/ no' interrogative particle, and all the various question words, some of them already listed above and elsewhere, for example, хто who що what чий whose чому/навіщо/пощо why коли when де where куди where (to) звідки where from (and many other variants) Subordinating conjunctions may also occur in pairs (like coordinating conjunctions), for them one in the main clause and the other in the subordinate clause, for example, чим + comparative ..., тим + comparative ... the x-er ..., the x-er ... дарма що/хоч ..., а(ле)... although ....... тільки ..., як... hardly ..., than ... який ..., такий ... like . .., like . . . як ..., так ... since/as . . ., (thus).. . коли ..., тоді... when ..., (then)... де ..., там ... where ..., (there) відкіля ..., відтіля ... from where, (from there)... не тільки ..., але й/а й/а також/а навіть ... not only ..., but also/even... (о)скільки..., (о)стільки ... insofar as .. . якщо ..., то... if. .., (then)... |
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скачати Stefan M. Pugh and Ian Press. Ukrainian: a comprehensive grammar.